ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the coverage rate of iodized salt and the nutritional status of schoolaged children before and after adjustment of salt iodine concentration in Haishu District,Ningbo City.Methods The observation period (2010-2016) was divided into three sub-periods:before the adjustment (2010,2011),adjustment period (2012-2014) and after the adjustment (2015,2016).Household salt samples and urine samples of school-aged children aged 8-10 were collected during the 3 periods in Haishu District,Ningbo City,and the iodized salt coverage rate,qualified iodized salt consumption rate,urinary iodine concentration were determined.Results Totally 600,900 and 615 household salt samples were collected in the 3 periods,respectively.The medians of salt iodine in the 3 periods were 27.30,23.50 and 23.10 mg/kg;while the iodized salt coverage rates were 97.83％ (587/600),94.67％ (852/900) and 84.72％ (521/615),and the qualified iodized salt consumption rates were 96.50％ (579/600),92.11％ (829/900) and 74.63％ (459/615),respectively.There were significant differences in the iodized salt coverage rates and qualified iodized salt consumption rates among the 3 periods (x2 =86.13,162.57,P ＜ 0.01);and significant decreases of the iodized salt coverage rates and qualified iodized salt consumption rates were observed in the 3 periods (x2trend =77.34,141.11,P ＜ 0.01).The median urinary iodine concentration of the school-aged children in the 3 periods were 171.18,161.95 and 186.07 μg/L;the differences of urinary iodine were statistically significant among the 3 periods (H =11.81,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions In Haishu District,significant decreases of the iodized salt coverage rates and qualified iodized salt consumption rates are observed after the adjustment of salt iodine concentration.However,the iodine nutrition is adequate in school-aged children.
ABSTRACT
A total of 127 type 2 diabetic patients were divided into low glycemic index meal replacements (intervention) group and standard food-based diet (reference) group in an experiment for 12 weeks.The results showed that fasting plasma glucose,postprandial 2 h plasma glucose,fasting insulin,and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) in the intervention group decreased significantly after 12 weeks trial ( P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).However,there were no significant changes in lipid profile and HbA1C in intervention group.In addition,percentage of body fatty,visceral fatty area,and waist-hip ratio also decreased in intervention group( all P＜0.01 ).Superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels increased significantly in intervention group by the end of trial (both P＜0.01 ),while malondialdehyde was decreased (P＜0.01 ).There were no significant changes in the aforementioned indices in the reference group.Weight,body mass index,and waist circumferences were decreased in both groups,but without significant difference between the two groups.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the possible correlation between HbA1c level and nutritional status in community.based patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods A totaI of 219 type 2 diabetes patients were assigned into 2 groups:one with HbAIc<6.5%(n:108)and HbA1f≥6.5%(n=111).Metabolic parameters,food components.and nutritional status were compared between 2 groups.Results (1)49.32% of the participants attained HbA1c<6.5%.(2)HbA1c level was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose,postprandial plasma glucose,and homeostasis assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)(r were 0.56,0.49,and 0.20,respectively,P<0.05 or P<0.01),but negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)(r=0.16,P<0.05).(3)Linear regression analysis showed that energy,carbohydrate,protein,and fat were the independent risk factors of HbA1c(all P<0.05).(4)Patients with HbA1c<6.5%consumed more fruits.The intake of pure energy-providing foods and protein-,fat-,or saturated fatty acid-rich foods were more frequent in patients with HbA1c≥6.5%(P<0.05).(5)The linear regression revealed that HbA1c level were decreased 0.36%(P<0.10)or 0.46%(P<0.01)by intake of more fruits,roughage and beans,and HbA1c levels were also decreased 0.42%(P<0.05)or 0.37%(P<0.10)by intake of less meat or oils.Conclusions In communitybased patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,the incidence of HbA1c<6.5% remains low,There exists great difference in nutritional status between the groups with high and low HbA1c levels.The impact of diet OB HbA1c level is great.It's necessary to emphasize the importance of diet therapy far better diabetes control.